Pharmacokinetics/PBPK

Pharmacokinetics is a term derived from the Greek words pharmakon (drug) and kinetikos (movement) that describes how a substance is absorbed, distributed, metabolised, and excreted. It can simply be defined as the body's response to xenobiotics. Despite the fact that preclinical investigations necessitate the determination of appropriate in vitro activity and pharmacokinetics in at least two animal species, pharmacokinetic studies in humans are required to correlate blood concentrations with specific biological effects. To tune alterations and finally produce semisynthetic medicines, knowledge of in vivo distribution is essential. The pharmacokinetics of a medicine is influenced by both patient-related factors and the chemical features of the drug. Pharmacokinetics is divided into four steps:

1. Absorption: This term refers to the process by which a drug passes from the point of delivery to the point of action.
2. Distribution: Describes the drug's passage via the bloodstream to numerous body tissues.
3. Metabolism: This term refers to the process of a drug being broken down.
4. Excretion: This term refers to the process of removing a drug from the body.